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Multi-Agent Systems

Leaked Claude Code Deep Dive: Multi-Agent Control Planes

Multi-agent isn’t “run 5 prompts in parallel.” In production, it’s orchestration: routing messages, delegating permissions, isolating execution, and keeping the system debuggable. This post summarizes patterns into a reusable control-plane blueprint.

9 min read
April 2, 2026

Leader/Worker delegation

A leader handles user intent, delegates scoped work to workers, and merges results. This is the cleanest way to scale an agent beyond one context window.

  • Scoped prompts per worker
  • Synthesis step owned by leader
  • Clear “who decides” boundaries

Structured messaging (mailbox protocol)

Don’t rely on “whatever appears in the UI.” Use explicit messages that carry summaries, payloads, and status markers.

  • Direct, broadcast, and routed messages
  • Durable transport (file mailbox is fine)
  • Locking to avoid race conditions

Centralized permissions

Multi-agent multiplies risk. Route dangerous actions to a single control plane (often the leader) for approval.

  • Fail-closed defaults
  • Permission requests include tool + input
  • Leader-approved execution path

Multiple execution backends

Different environments want different trade-offs: speed (in-process) vs visibility/isolation (pane-based).

  • In-process isolation
  • Pane-based workers (tmux/iTerm) for visibility
  • Graceful detection + fallback

Worktree isolation for experiments

Let agents experiment in isolated git worktrees. Keep them if changed, auto-clean if empty.

  • Separate branch + working directory
  • Easy cleanup for failed attempts
  • Better safety for refactors
One operational rule: constrain orchestrators
Give coordinators fewer powers than workers. It keeps the system predictable and reduces the blast radius of “orchestrator did something weird.”
// Example: coordinator allowed tools
const COORDINATOR_ALLOWED = ['spawnWorker', 'sendMessage', 'stopTask'];

function canUseTool(agentRole: 'coordinator' | 'worker', toolName: string) {
  if (agentRole === 'coordinator') return COORDINATOR_ALLOWED.includes(toolName);
  return true; // workers are scoped by permissions + allowed paths
}

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